By my count there were four governments that didn't send their citizens to the death camps, despite Nazi military cooperation: Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, and pre-1944 Hungary.
I think it's not coincidence there were exactly four countries that maintained their prewar democratic civil governments despite Nazi military cooperation: Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, and pre-1944 Hungary.
That Hungary deported its citizens precisely *after* the Nazis took direct control, and that both Hungary and Bulgaria deported non-citizen Jews, strongly suggests to me that the controlling factor was the form of government - voters mattered to their representatives.
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I think it's not coincidence there were exactly four countries that maintained their prewar democratic civil governments despite Nazi military cooperation: Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, and pre-1944 Hungary.
That Hungary deported its citizens precisely *after* the Nazis took direct control, and that both Hungary and Bulgaria deported non-citizen Jews, strongly suggests to me that the controlling factor was the form of government - voters mattered to their representatives.